A greenhouse controller
The relay closes when the DS18B20 passes 28 °C; an ultrasonic sensor measures distance too.
buttonds18b20hc_sr04ledrelay_1chssd1306_i2c
Actuator
relay_1chGPIO
Why this support circuit is added
5 V relay; the coil is always fed from the 5 V rail.
Grounded in the catalog and golden patterns (real open-source circuits). Every auto-inserted part comes with a reason.
Using this part in a project adds the circuit below, each element with its reason.
The coil draws 70 mA+, beyond an MCU pin (40/12 mA max); an NPN drives it.
Clamps the back-EMF when the coil switches off; without it the transistor dies.
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The relay closes when the DS18B20 passes 28 °C; an ultrasonic sensor measures distance too.